Design and analysis of connections in steel structures : fundamentals and examples Cover Image

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Design and analysis of connections in steel structures : fundamentals and examples / Alfredo Boracchini.

Boracchini, Alfredo, (author.).

Record details

ISBN: 9783433031223 (Paperback)
ISBN: 3433031223 (Paperback)
Physical Description: xxiv, 356 pages : illustrations ; 25 cm
Publisher: Berlin, Germany : Ernst & Sohn, a Wiley Brand, [2018]
Copyright: ℗♭2018

Content descriptions

Bibliography, etc. Note:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

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Subject:

Steel, Structural > Welding.
Bridges > Design and construction.
Iron and steel bridges > Design and construction.

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Location	Call Number / Copy Notes	Barcode	Shelving Location	Circulation Modifier	Holdable?	Status	Due Date	Courses
Downtown Library	TA 684 B65 2018 (Text)	33109010369197	Stacks		Volume hold	Available	-

Location

Call Number / Copy Notes

Barcode

Shelving Location

Circulation Modifier

Holdable?

Status

Due Date

Courses

Downtown Library

TA 684 B65 2018 (Text)

33109010369197

Stacks

Volume hold

Available

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Summary

Table of Contents

Author Notes

Acknowledgments

xxi

List of Abbreviations

xxiii

1 Fundamental Concepts of Joints in Design of Steel Structures

(12)

1.1 Pin Connections and Moment Resisting Connections

(7)

1.1.1 Safety, Performance, and Costs

(1)

1.1.2 Lateral Load Resisting System

(5)

1.1.3 Pins and Fully Restrained Joints in the Analysis Model

(1)

1.2 Plastic Hinge

(4)

1.2.1 Base Plates

(2)

1.2.2 Trusses

(1)

References

(1)

2 Fundamental Concepts of the Behavior of Steel Connections

(18)

2.1 Joint Classifications

(1)

2.2 Forces in the Calculation Model and for the Connection

(3)

2.3 Actions Proportional to Stiffness

(1)

2.4 Ductility

(1)

2.5 Load Path

(1)

2.6 Ignorance of the Load Path

(1)

2.7 Additional Restraints

(1)

2.8 Methods to Define Ultimate Limit States in Joints

(1)

2.9 Bolt Resistance

(1)

2.10 Yield Line

(1)

2.11 Eccentric Joints

(1)

2.12 Economy, Repetitiveness, and Simplicity

(1)

2.13 Man-hours and Material Weight

(1)

2.14 Diffusion Angles

(1)

2.15 Bolt Pretensioning and Effects on Resistance

(1)

2.15.1 Is Resistance Affected by Pretensioning?

(1)

2.15.2 Is Pretensioning Necessary?

(1)

2.15.3 Which Pretensioning Method Should Be Used?

(1)

2.16 Transfer Forces

(1)

2.17 Behavior of a Bolted Shear Connection

(2)

2.18 Behavior of Bolted Joints Under Tension

(2)

References

(2)

3 Limit States for Connection Components

(82)

3.1 Deformation Capacity (Rotation) and Stiffness

(2)

3.1.1 Rotational Stiffness

(1)

3.2 Inelastic Deformation due to Bolt Hole Clearance

(1)

3.3 Bolt Shear Failure

(6)

3.3.1 Threads Inside the Shear Plane

(2)

3.3.2 Number of Shear Planes

(1)

3.3.3 Packing Plates

(1)

3.3.4 Long Joints

(1)

3.3.5 Anchor Bolts

(1)

3.3.6 Stiffness Coefficient

(1)

3.4 Bolt Tension Failure

(2)

3.4.1 Countersunk Bolts

(1)

3.4.2 Stiffness Coefficient

(1)

3.5 Bolt Failure in Combined Shear and Tension

(1)

3.6 Slip-Resistant Bolted Connections

(2)

3.6.1 Combined Shear and Tension

(1)

3.7 Bolt Bearing and Bolt Tearing

(5)

3.7.1 Countersunk Bolts

(1)

3.7.2 Stiffness Coefficients

(1)

3.8 Block Shear (or Block Tearing)

(3)

3.9 Failure of Welds

(9)

3.9.1 Weld Calculation Procedures

(4)

3.9.1.1 Directional Method

(3)

3.9.1.2 Simplified Method

(1)

3.9.2 Tack Welding (Intermittent Fillet Welds)

(1)

3.9.3 Eccentricity

(1)

3.9.4 Fillet Weld Groups

(2)

3.9.5 Welding Methods

(1)

3.9.6 Inspections

(1)

3.9.6.1 Visual Testing

(1)

3.9.6.2 Penetrant Testing

(1)

3.9.6.3 Magnetic Particle Testing

(1)

3.9.6.4 Radiographic Testing

(1)

3.9.6.5 Ultrasonic Testing

(1)

3.10 T-stub, Prying Action

(21)

3.10.1 T-stub with Prying Action

(2)

3.10.2 Possible Simplified Approach According to AISC

(1)

3.10.3 Backing Plates

(1)

3.10.4 Length Limit for Prying Forces and T-stub without Prying

(1)

3.10.5 T-stub Design Procedure for Various "Components" According to Eurocode

(4)

3.10.5.1 Column Flange

(4)

3.10.5.2 End Plate

(1)

3.10.5.3 Angle Flange Cleat

(1)

3.10.6 T-stub Design Procedure for Various "Components" According to the "Green Book"

(10)

3.10.6.1 leff for Equivalent T-stubs for Bolt Row Acting Alone

(3)

3.10.6.2 leff to Consider for a Bolt Row Acting Alone

(2)

3.10.6.3 leff to Consider for Bolt Rows Acting in Group

(1)

3.10.6.4 Examples of leff for Bolts in a Group

(1)

3.10.7 T-stub for Bolts Outside the Beam Flanges

(1)

3.10.8 Stiffness Coefficient

(1)

3.11 Punching

(1)

3.12 Equivalent Systems

(1)

3.13 Web Panel Shear

(2)

3.13.1 Stiffness Coefficient

(1)

3.14 Web in Transverse Compression

(4)

3.14.1 Transformation Parameter β

(1)

3.14.2 Formulas for Other Local Buckling Limit States

(1)

3.14.3 Stiffness Coefficient

(1)

3.14.4 T-stub in Compression

(1)

3.15 Web in Transverse Tension

(1)

3.15.1 Stiffness Coefficient

(1)

3.16 Flange and Web in Compression

(1)

3.17 Beam Web in Tension

(1)

3.18 Plate Resistance

(3)

3.18.1 Material Properties

(1)

3.18.2 Tension

(2)

3.18.2.1 Staggered Bolts

(1)

3.18.3 Compression

(1)

3.18.4 Shear

(1)

3.18.5 Bending

(1)

3.18.6 Design for Combined Forces

(1)

3.18.7 Whitmore Section

(1)

3.19 Reduced Section of Connected Profiles

(6)

3.19.1 Shear Lag

(4)

3.20 Local Capacity

(1)

3.21 Buckling of Connecting Plates

100

(3)

3.21.1 Gusset Plate Buckling

100

(1)

3.21.2 Fin Plate (Shear Tab) Buckling

101

(2)

3.22 Structural Integrity (and Tie Force)

103

(2)

3.23 Ductility

105

(1)

3.24 Plate Lamellar Tearing

106

(2)

3.25 Other Limit States in Connections with Sheets and Cold-formed Steel Sections

108

(1)

3.26 Fatigue

108

(1)

3.27 Limit States of Other Materials in the Connection

109

(1)

References

109

(4)

4 Connection Types: Analysis and Calculation Examples

113

(136)

4.1 Common Symbols

113

(2)

4.1.1 Materials

113

(1)

4.1.2 Design Forces

113

(1)

4.1.3 Bolts

113

(1)

4.1.4 Geometric Characteristics of Plates and Profiles

114

(1)

4.2 Eccentrically Loaded Bolt Group: Eccentricity in the Plane of the Faying Surface

115

(5)

4.2.1 Elastic Method

115

(3)

4.2.1.1 Example of Eccentricity Calculated with Elastic Method

116

(2)

4.2.2 Instantaneous Center-of-Rotation Method

118

(2)

4.2.2.1 Example of Eccentricity Calculated with the Instantaneous Center-of-Rotation Method

119

(1)

4.3 Eccentrically Loaded Bolt Group: Eccentricity Normal to the Plane of the Faying Surface

120

(5)

4.3.1 Neutral Axis at Center of Gravity

121

(2)

4.3.1.1 Example of Eccentricity Normal to Plane Calculated with Neutral Axis at Center-of-Gravity Method

122

(1)

4.3.2 Neutral Axis Not at Center of Gravity

123

(2)

4.3.2.1 Example of Eccentricity Normal to Plane Calculate&with Neutral Axis not at Center-of-Gravity Method

124

(1)

4.4 Base Plate with Cast Anchor Bolts

125

(28)

4.4.1 Plate Thickness

125

(10)

4.4.1.1 AISC Method

125

(5)

4.4.1.2 Eurocode Method

130

(5)

4.4.2 Contact Pressure

135

(4)

4.4.2.1 AISC Method

135

(1)

4.4.2.2 Eurocode Method

136

(3)

4.4.3 Anchor Bolts in Tension

139

(3)

4.4.3.1 AISC Method

139

(1)

4.4.3.2 Eurocode Method

140

(1)

4.4.3.3 Other Notes

141

(1)

4.4.4 Welding

142

(1)

4.4.5 Shear Resistance

142

(2)

4.4.5.1 Friction

142

(1)

4.4.5.2 Anchor Bolts in Shear

143

(1)

4.4.5.3 Shear Lugs

144

(1)

4.4.6 Rotational Stiffness

144

(1)

4.4.7 Measures to Improve Ductility

145

(1)

4.4.8 Practical Details and Other Notes

145

(3)

4.4.9 Fully Restrained Schematization of Column Base Detail

148

(1)

4.4.10 Example of Base Plate Design According to Eurocode

149

(5)

4.4.10.1 Uplift and Moment

149

(3)

4.4.10.2 Shear

152

(1)

4.4.10.3 Welding

153

(1)

4.4.10.4 Joint Stiffness

153

(1)

4.4.10.5 Comparison with AISC Method for SLU1

153

(1)

4.5 Chemical or Mechanical Anchor Bolts

153

(1)

4.6 Fin Plate/Shear Tab

154

(15)

4.6.1 Choices and Possible Variants

155

(6)

4.6.1.1 Pin Position

155

(1)

4.6.1.2 Location of Plate Welded to Primary Member

156

(1)

4.6.1.3 Notches (Copes) in Secondary Member

157

(1)

4.6.1.4 Reinforcing Beam Web

158

(3)

4.6.2 Limit States to Be Considered

161

(1)

4.6.3 Rotation Capacity

161

(1)

4.6.4 Measures to Improve Ductility

162

(1)

4.6.5 Measures to Improve Structural Integrity

162

(1)

4.6.6 Design Example According to DIN

162

(7)

4.6.6.1 Bolt Shear

163

(2)

4.6.6.2 Bearing

165

(1)

4.6.6.3 Block Shear

166

(1)

4.6.6.4 Plate Resistance

167

(1)

4.6.6.5 Beam Resistance

167

(1)

4.6.6.6 Plate Buckling

168

(1)

4.6.6.7 Local Check for Primary-Beam Web

168

(1)

4.6.6.8 Welding

168

(1)

4.6.6.9 Rotation Capacity

169

(1)

4.6.6.10 Ductility

169

(1)

4.6.6.11 Structural Integrity

169

(1)

4.7 Double-Bolted Simple Plate

169

(6)

4.7.1 Rotation Capacity

170

(1)

4.7.2 Ductility

170

(1)

4.7.3 Structural Integrity

171

(1)

4.7.4 Beam-to-Beam Example Designed According to Eurocode

171

(4)

4.7.4.1 Bolt Shear

172

(1)

4.7.4.2 Bearing

173

(1)

4.7.4.3 Block Shear

174

(1)

4.7.4.4 Plate Resistance

174

(1)

4.7.4.5 Beam Resistance

174

(1)

4.7.4.6 Plate Buckling

174

(1)

4.7.4.7 Primary-Beam Web Local Check

174

(1)

4.7.4.8 Welding, Ductility, and Structural Integrity

174

(1)

4.8 Shear ("Flexible") End Plate

175

(6)

4.8.1 Variants and Rotation Capacity

175

(2)

4.8.2 Limit States to be Considered

177

(1)

4.8.3 Rotational Stiffness

177

(1)

4.8.4 Ductility

178

(1)

4.8.5 Structural Integrity

178

(1)

4.8.6 Column-to-Beam Example Designed According to IS 800

178

(3)

4.8.6.1 Bolt Resistance

179

(1)

4.8.6.2 Rotation Capacity and Structural Integrity

179

(1)

4.8.6.3 Bearing

180

(1)

4.8.6.4 Block Shear

180

(1)

4.8.6.5 Plate Check

180

(1)

4.8.6.6 Beam Shear Check

180

(1)

4.8.6.7 Column Resistance

180

(1)

4.8.6.8 Welds

181

(1)

4.8.6.9 Conclusion

181

(1)

4.9 Double-Angle Connection

181

(5)

4.9.1 Variants

183

(1)

4.9.2 Limit States to Be Considered

183

(1)

4.9.3 Structural Integrity, Ductility, and Rotation Capacity

183

(1)

4.9.4 Practical Advice

183

(1)

4.9.5 Beam-to-Beam Example Designed According to AISC

184

(2)

4.10 Connections in Trusses

186

(2)

4.10.1 Intermediate Connections for Compression Members

186

(2)

4.11 Horizontal End Plate Leaning on a Column

188

(1)

4.11.1 Limit States to be Considered

189

(1)

4.12 Rigid End Plate

189

(23)

4.12.1 Column Web Panel Shear

191

(1)

4.12.2 Lever Arm

191

(1)

4.12.3 Stiffeners

192

(1)

4.12.4 Supplementary Web Plate Check

193

(1)

4.12.5 Check for Column Stiffeners in Compression Zone

193

(2)

4.12.6 Check for Column Stiffeners in Tension Zone

195

(1)

4.12.7 Check of Column Diagonal Stiffener for Panel Shear

196

(1)

4.12.8 Shear Due to Vertical Forces

196

(1)

4.12.9 Design with Haunches

196

(1)

4.12.10 Beam-to-Beam Connections

196

(1)

4.12.11 BS Provisions

197

(1)

4.12.12 AISC Approach

197

(2)

4.12.13 Limit States to Be Considered

199

(1)

4.12.14 Rotational Stiffness

200

(1)

4.12.15 Simplifying the Design

201

(1)

4.12.16 Practical Advice

201

(1)

4.12.17 Structural Integrity, Ductility, and Rotation Capacity

201

(1)

4.12.18 Beam-to-Column End-Plate Design Example According to Eurocode

202

(10)

4.12.18.1 Column Flange Thickness Check for Bolt Row 1

204

(1)

4.12.18.2 Column Web Tension Check for Bolt Row 1

204

(1)

4.12.18.3 Beam End-Plate Thickness Check for Bolt Row 1

205

(1)

4.12.18.4 Beam Web Tension Check for Bolt Row 1

205

(1)

4.12.18.5 Final Resistant Value for Bolt Row 1

205

(1)

4.12.18.6 Column Flange Thickness Check for Bolt Row 2 Individually

205

(1)

4.12.18.7 Column Web Tension Check for Bolt Row 2 Individually

206

(1)

4.12.18.8 Beam End-Plate Thickness Check for Bolt Row 2 Individually

206

(1)

4.12.18.9 Beam Web Tension Check for Bolt Row 2 Individually

206

(1)

4.12.18.10 Column Flange Thickness Check for Bolt Row 2 in Group with Bolt Row 1

207

(1)

4.12.18.11 Column Web Tension Check for Bolt Row 2 in Group with Bolt Row 1

207

(1)

4.12.18.12 Beam End-Plate Thickness Check for Bolt Row 2 in Group with Bolt Row 1

207

(1)

4.12.18.13 Beam Web Tension Check for Bolt Row 2 in Group with Bolt Row 1

207

(1)

4.12.18.14 Final Resistant Value for Bolt Row 2

208

(1)

4.12.18.15 Vertical Shear

208

(1)

4.12.18.16 Web Panel Shear

209

(1)

4.12.18.17 Column Web Resistance to Transverse Compression

209

(1)

4.12.18.18 Stiffener Design

210

(1)

4.12.18.19 Welds

210

(1)

4.12.18.20 Rotational Stiffness

210

(2)

4.13 Splice

212

(5)

4.13.1 Calculation Model and Limit States

213

(2)

4.13.2 Structural Integrity, Ductility, and Rotation Capacity

215

(1)

4.13.3 Column Splice Design Example According to AS 4100

215

(2)

4.13.3.1 Flanges

216

(1)

4.13.3.2 Web

217

(1)

4.13.3.3 Conclusions and Final Considerations

217

(1)

4.13.3.4 Possible Alternative

217

(1)

4.14 Brace Connections

217

(13)

4.14.1 AISC Methods: UFM and KISS

220

(7)

4.14.1.1 KISS Method

222

(1)

4.14.1.2 Uniform Force Method

222

(1)

4.14.1.3 UFM Variant 1

223

(1)

4.14.1.4 UFM Variant 2

224

(1)

4.14.1.5 UFM Variant 3

225

(1)

4.14.1.6 UFM Adapted to Existing Connections

226

(1)

4.14.2 Practical Recommendations

227

(1)

4.14.3 Complex Brace Connection Example According to CSA S16

227

(14)

4.14.3.1 Friction Connection for Brace

227

(1)

4.14.3.2 Brace and Gusset Bearing

228

(1)

4.14.3.3 Block Shear

228

(1)

4.14.3.4 Channel Shear Lag

229

(1)

4.14.3.5 Whitmore Section for Tension Resistance and Buckling of Gusset Plate

229

(1)

4.14.3.6 UFM Forces

229

(1)

4.14.3.7 Gusset-to-Column Shear Tab

229

(1)

4.14.3.8 Gusset-to-Beam Weld

229

(1)

4.14.3.9 Beam-to-Column Shear Tab

229

(1)

4.14.3.10 Ductility and Structural Integrity

230

(1)

4.15 Seated Connection

230

(3)

4.16 Connections for Girts and Purlins

233

(3)

4.17 Welded Hollow-Section Joints

236

(1)

4.18 Connections in Composite (Steel-Concrete) Structures

236

(1)

4.19 Joints with Bolts and Welds Working in Parallel

236

(1)

4.20 Expansion Joints

237

(1)

4.21 Perfect Hinges

238

(1)

4.22 Rollers

239

(1)

4.23 Rivets

240

(1)

4.24 Seismic Connections

241

(5)

4.24.1 Rigid End Plate

242

(1)

4.24.2 Braces

243

(1)

4.24.3 Eccentric Braces and "Links"

244

(1)

4.24.4 Base Plate

244

(2)

References

246

(3)

5 Choosing the Type of Connection

249

(4)

5.1 Priority to Fabricator and Erector

249

(1)

5.2 Considerations of Pros and Cons of Some Types of Connections

249

(1)

5.3 Shop Organization

250

(2)

5.3.1 Plates or Sheets

250

(1)

5.3.2 Concept of "Handling" One Piece

250

(2)

5.4 Culture

252

(1)

References

252

(1)

6 Practical Notes on Fabrication

253

(40)

6.1 Design Standardizations

253

(1)

6.1.1 Materials

253

(1)

6.1.2 Thicknesses

253

(1)

6.1.3 Bolt Diameters

253

(1)

6.2 Dimension of Bolt Holes

254

(2)

6.2.1 Bolt Hole Clearance in Base Plates

255

(1)

6.3 Erection

256

(2)

6.3.1 Structure Lability

256

(1)

6.3.2 Erection Sequence and Clearances

256

(1)

6.3.3 Bolt Spacing and Interferences

257

(1)

6.3.4 Positioning and Supports

257

(1)

6.3.5 Holes or Welded Plates for Handling and Lifting

258

(1)

6.4 Clearance Needed to Operate Tightening Wrenches

258

(2)

6.4.1 Double Angles in Connections

259

(1)

6.5 Bolt Spacing and Edge Distances

260

(1)

6.6 Root Radius Encroachment

260

(4)

6.7 Notches

264

(1)

6.8 Bolt Tightening and Pretensioning

265

(9)

6.8.1 Calibrated Wrench

266

(1)

6.8.2 Turn of the Nut

266

(4)

6.8.3 Direct Tension Indicators

270

(1)

6.8.4 Twist-Off Type Bolts

271

(2)

6.8.5 Hydraulic Wrenches

273

(1)

6.9 Washers

274

(3)

6.9.1 Tapered (Beveled) Washers

275

(2)

6.9.2 Vibrations

277

(1)

6.10 Dimensions of Screws, Nuts, and Washers

277

(1)

6.10.1 Depth of Bolt Heads and Nuts

277

(1)

6.10.2 Washer Width and Thickness

277

(1)

6.11 Reuse of Bolts

278

(1)

6.12 Bolt Classes

279

(1)

6.13 Shims

280

(1)

6.14 Galvanization

281

(1)

6.14.1 Tubes

281

(1)

6.14.2 Plate Welded over Profiles as Reinforcement

281

(1)

6.14.3 Base Plates

282

(1)

6.15 Other Finishes After Fabrication

282

(1)

6.16 Camber

283

(1)

6.17 Grout in Base Plates

284

(2)

6.18 Graphical Representation of Bolts and Connections

286

(1)

6.19 Field Welds

287

(1)

6.20 Skewed Joints

287

(4)

References

291

(2)

7 Connection Examples

293

(62)

Index

355

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