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Fundamentals of tests and measures for the physical therapist assistant / Stacie J. Fruth,PT, DHSc, OCS, Professor and Founding Chair, Department of Physical Therapy, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo,Michigan, Carol Fawcett, MEd,Dean of Allied Health and Emergency Services, Prairie State College, Chicago Heights, Illinois.

Fruth, Stacie J., (author.). Fawcett, Carol, (author.).

Record details

ISBN: 9781284147131 (Paper)
ISBN: 1284147134 (Paper)
Physical Description: xx, 403 pages : illustrations ; 28 cm.
Publisher: Burlington, MA : Jones & Bartlett Learning, [2020]

Content descriptions

Bibliography, etc. Note:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Formatted Contents Note:

The role of the physical therapist assistant in the physical examination -- Cultivating a therapeutic partnership -- Treatment considerations : preparing for treatment -- Introduction to physical therapy tests and measures -- Global observation, mental functions, and components of mobility and function -- Cardiovascular and pulmonary examination -- Integumentary examination -- Musculoskeletal examination -- Neuromuscular examination.

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Subject:

Physical therapy assistants.
Exercise therapy.
Exercise tests.
Function tests (Medicine)
Disability evaluation.

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1 of 1 copy available at Vancouver Community College.

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Location	Call Number / Copy Notes	Barcode	Shelving Location	Circulation Modifier	Holdable?	Status	Due Date	Courses
Broadway Library	RM 725 F78 2020 (Text)	33109010351336	Stacks		Volume hold	Available	-

Location

Call Number / Copy Notes

Barcode

Shelving Location

Circulation Modifier

Holdable?

Status

Due Date

Courses

Broadway Library

RM 725 F78 2020 (Text)

33109010351336

Stacks

Volume hold

Available

► ▼ Google Preview

► Summaries & More

▼ Additional Content

Summary

Reviews

Table of Contents

Preface

Features of This Text

xvii

Acknowledgments

xxi

About the Authors

xxiii

Reviewers

xxv

Chapter 1 The Role of the Physical Therapist Assistant in the Physical Examination

(8)

Introduction

(1)

What is the Role of the Physical Therapist Assistant in the Physical Examination?

(1)

The Aim of this Text

(1)

Organization of this Text

(1)

Part I. Communication

(1)

Part II. Tests and Measures

(1)

Clinical Reasoning

(1)

Clinical Decision Making

(1)

Use of Case Examples to Enhance Learning

(1)

Self-Reflection

(1)

Suggestions on Honing Data Collection Skills

(1)

Final Words

(1)

References

(3)

Part I Patient Communication & Subjective Data Collection

(46)

Chapter 2 Cultivating a Therapeutic Partnership

(16)

Introduction

(1)

Fundamental Considerations of Patient/Clinician Interactions

(11)

Communication is the Key

(2)

The Expressive Component: Talking with Patients

(1)

The Receptive Component: The Importance of Listening

(1)

Preparation of Setting and Self

(3)

Preparing the Environment

(1)

Preparing Your Physical Self

(1)

Preparing Your Mental and Emotional Self

(1)

Meeting Patients Where They are

(2)

Finding Your Inner Chameleon

(1)

When the Need for Empathy Trumps the Clinician's Agenda

(1)

The Art of Digging Deep

(1)

Biopsychosocial Aspects: Why No Two Patients are Alike

(2)

Culture

(1)

Language Barriers

(1)

Chapter Summary

(1)

References

(4)

Chapter 3 Treatment Considerations: Preparing for Treatment

(22)

Introduction

(1)

Preparing for Treatment

(6)

Pre-Treatment Tasks

(6)

Review Pertinent Information

(1)

Medications

(1)

Laboratory and Diagnostic Tests

(1)

Information from Other Healthcare Providers

(1)

Patient Observation

(1)

Hand Hygiene

(1)

Greeting the Patient

(2)

The Art of Subjective Data Collection

(5)

Effective Listening

(1)

Types of Questions

(1)

Interwoven Communication Tools to Enhance Patient Responses

(2)

Prompters

(1)

Clarification

(1)

Reflection or Echoing

(1)

Reflective Feeling

(1)

Paraphrasing

(1)

Summarizing

(1)

The Importance of Nonverbal Language

(1)

Motivational Interviewing Concepts

(1)

Gathering Relevant Subjective Data

(5)

Chief Complaint

(3)

Associated Symptoms

(1)

Current Level of Function

(1)

Communicating Well While Documenting

(1)

Chapter Summary

(1)

References

(3)

Chapter 4 Introduction to Physical Therapy Tests and Measures

(6)

Introduction

(1)

Which Tests and Measures are Available?

(2)

Choosing the Appropriate Tests and Measures

(1)

Content and Organization of the Remaining Chapters

(2)

References

(1)

Part II Tests and Measures: Building on the Foundation

(324)

Chapter 5 Global Observation, Mental Functions, and Components of Mobility and Function

(56)

Introduction

(2)

Section 1: Global Observation

(3)

Introduction

(1)

Fundamental Concepts

(3)

Priority or Pointless?

(1)

Case Example

(1)

Section 2: Mental Functions

(4)

Introduction

(1)

Communication Assessment

(2)

Introduction

(1)

Fundamental Concepts

(1)

Procedure

(1)

Priority or Pointless?

(1)

Case Example

(1)

Section 3: Cognition Assessment

(6)

Introduction

(1)

Fundamental Concepts

(1)

Procedure

(4)

Priority or Pointless?

(1)

Case Example

(1)

Section 4: Emotional and Psychological Factors

(6)

Introduction

(1)

Fundamental Concepts

(2)

Procedure

(2)

Priority or Pointless?

(1)

Case Example

(1)

Section 5: Posture

(10)

Introduction

(1)

Fundamental Concepts

(4)

Procedure

(5)

Informal Postural Assessment

(1)

Anterior (A) and Posterior (P) Views

(1)

Lateral View

(3)

Priority or Pointless?

(1)

Case Example

(1)

Section 6: Mobility and Locomotion

(3)

Introduction

(1)

Fundamental Concepts

(1)

Procedure

(1)

Priority or Pointless?

(1)

Case Example

(1)

Section 7: Gait

(9)

Introduction

(1)

Fundamental Concepts

(1)

Gait Characteristics and Quality

(5)

Gait Cycle Terminology

(2)

Descriptions of Common Pathological Gait Patterns

(3)

The Importance of Gait Speed

(1)

Procedure

(2)

Priority or Pointless?

(1)

Case Example

100

(1)

Section 8: Functional Assessment

101

(6)

Introduction

101

(1)

Fundamental Concepts

101

(3)

Procedure

104

(1)

Priority or Pointless?

105

(1)

Case Example

106

(1)

Chapter Summary

107

(2)

References

109

(4)

Chapter 6 Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Examination

113

(30)

Introduction

114

(2)

Section 1: Core Vital Signs

116

(9)

Introduction

116

(1)

Pulse

116

(1)

Fundamental Concepts

116

(1)

Procedure

117

(1)

Pulse Points

117

(1)

Assessment of Pulse

118

(1)

Respiration

118

(1)

Fundamental Concepts

118

(1)

Procedure

119

(1)

Assessment of Respiration

119

(1)

Blood Pressure

120

(1)

Fundamental Concepts

120

(2)

Equipment Used for Blood Pressure Measurement

121

(1)

Procedure

122

(2)

Assessment of Blood Pressure

122

(2)

Priority or Pointless?

124

(1)

Case Example

124

(1)

Section 2: Temperature

125

(2)

Introduction

125

(1)

Fundamental Concepts

125

(1)

Procedure

125

(1)

Priority or Pointless?

126

(1)

Case Example

126

(1)

Section 3: Edema

127

(4)

Introduction

127

(1)

Fundamental Concepts

127

(1)

Procedure

128

(1)

Assessment of Pitting Edema

128

(1)

Measurement of Edema

129

(1)

Priority or Pointless?

129

(1)

Case Example

130

(1)

Section 4: Oxygen Saturation

131

(3)

Introduction

131

(1)

Fundamental Concepts

131

(1)

Procedure

132

(1)

Priority or Pointless?

133

(1)

Case Example

133

(1)

Section 5: Ankle-Brachial Index

134

(3)

Introduction

134

(1)

Fundamental Concepts

134

(1)

Procedure

134

(1)

Priority or Pointless?

135

(1)

Case Example

136

(1)

Section 6: Other Common Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Tests and Measures

137

(6)

Introduction

137

(1)

Rating of Perceived Exertion

137

(1)

Six-Minute Walk Test

137

(1)

Chapter Summary

138

(1)

References

139

(4)

Chapter 7 Integumentary Examination

143

(38)

Introduction

144

(2)

Section 1: Examination of the Skin

146

(8)

Introduction

146

(1)

Fundamental Concepts

146

(1)

Screening Inspection of the Skin

147

(2)

Color

147

(1)

Temperature

148

(1)

Texture

148

(1)

Moisture

148

(1)

Turgor

148

(1)

Edema and Effusion

148

(1)

Malignancies of the Skin

148

(1)

Screening Inspection of the Hair and Nails

149

(3)

Hair

149

(1)

Nails

150

(2)

Signs of Inflammation and Infection

152

(1)

Priority or Pointless?

153

(1)

Case Example

153

(1)

Section 2: Identification of Pressure Ulcers

154

(5)

Introduction

154

(1)

Fundamental Concepts

154

(1)

Risk Factors for Pressure Ulcer Development

154

(1)

Common Locations of Pressure Ulcers

154

(1)

Procedures to Identify Potential and Active Pressure Ulcers

154

(4)

Identification of Areas at Risk

154

(2)

Classification of Pressure Ulcers

156

(2)

Priority or Pointless?

158

(1)

Case Example

158

(1)

Section 3: Identification of Vascular Ulcers

159

(6)

Introduction

159

(1)

Fundamental Concepts

159

(1)

Arterial Insufficiency

159

(1)

Venous Insufficiency

159

(1)

Procedures to Identify Vascular Insufficiency

160

(3)

Assessment of Peripheral Pulses

162

(1)

Venous Filling Time

163

(1)

Capillary Refill Time

163

(1)

Ankle-Brachial Index and Toe-Brachial Index

163

(1)

Pitting Edema

163

(1)

Priority or Pointless?

163

(1)

Case Example

164

(1)

Section 4: Identification of Neuropathic Ulcers

165

(6)

Introduction

165

(1)

Fundamental Concepts

165

(1)

Diabetic Neuropathy

165

(1)

Diabetes and Vascular Disease

166

(1)

Procedures to Identify Neuropathy and Active Diabetic Ulcers

166

(3)

Observation and Palpation

166

(1)

Sensory Examination

167

(1)

Peripheral Vascular Examination

167

(1)

Describing and Classifying Diabetic Wounds

168

(1)

Priority or Pointless?

169

(1)

Case Example

170

(1)

Section 5: Other Wounds and Burns

171

(4)

Introduction

171

(1)

Fundamental Concepts

171

(3)

Skin Tears

171

(1)

Surgical Wounds

171

(1)

Burns

172

(2)

Case Example

174

(1)

Chapter Summary

175

(1)

References

176

(5)

Chapter 8 Musculoskeletal Examination

181

(136)

Introduction

182

(1)

Section 1: Range of Motion: Gross Screen

183

(20)

Introduction

183

(1)

Fundamental Concepts

184

(5)

Active Range of Motion

184

(1)

Limited Active Range of Motion

184

(1)

Passive Range of Motion

185

(1)

Joint End Feel

186

(1)

Quantifying Gross AROM and PROM

187

(1)

Documenting Estimated ROM

187

(1)

Quantification Based on Estimated Numerical Range

188

(1)

Quantification Based on Estimated Percentage of Range

188

(1)

Quantification Based on Descriptors

188

(1)

Procedure

189

(12)

Performing Passive ROM Screen

190

(11)

Priority or Pointless?

201

(1)

Case Example

201

(2)

Section 2: Range of Motion: Goniometry

203

(30)

Introduction

203

(1)

Fundamental Concepts

203

(3)

Goniometric Devices

203

(1)

Goniometric Techniques

204

(2)

Functional Range of Motion

206

(1)

Procedure

206

(25)

Priority or Pointless?

231

(1)

Case Example

231

(2)

Section 3: Muscle Length

233

(13)

Introduction

233

(1)

Fundamental Concepts

233

(1)

Procedure

234

(10)

Priority or Pointless?

244

(1)

Case Example

245

(1)

Section 4: Gross Muscle Strength

246

(13)

Introduction

246

(1)

Fundamental Concepts

246

(2)

Grading of Gross Strength

247

(1)

Procedure

248

(9)

Priority or Pointless?

257

(1)

Case Example

258

(1)

Section 5: Manual Muscle Testing

259

(48)

Introduction

259

(1)

Fundamental Concepts

260

(1)

Procedure

261

(43)

Grading Manual Muscle Testing

262

(42)

Priority or Pointless?

304

(1)

Case Example

305

(2)

Section 6: Palpation

307

(4)

Introduction

307

(1)

Fundamental Concepts

307

(1)

Procedure

308

(2)

Priority or Pointless?

310

(1)

Case Example

310

(1)

Chapter Summary

311

(3)

References

314

(3)

Chapter 9 Neuromuscular Examination

317

(62)

Introduction

318

(1)

Section 1: Somatosensory Function

319

(12)

Introduction

319

(1)

Fundamental Concepts

319

(8)

Procedure

322

(1)

Light Touch

322

(1)

Protective Sensation

322

(2)

Pain (Sharp/Dull Test)

324

(1)

Vibration

325

(1)

Temperature

325

(1)

Position Sense

326

(1)

Joint Position Test

326

(1)

Joint Space (Contralateral Mirroring) Test

327

(1)

Finger-to-Nose Test

327

(1)

Discriminative Sensation

327

(2)

Stereognosis (defined as "object identification solely by touch")

327

(1)

Graphesthesia (defined as "the ability to identify writing on the skin solely by touch")

328

(1)

Two-Point Discrimination

328

(1)

Point Localization

328

(1)

Priority or Pointless?

329

(1)

Case Example

330

(1)

Section 2: Spinal Nerve Root Integrity

331

(8)

Introduction

331

(1)

Fundamental Concepts

331

(1)

Dermatomes

331

(1)

Myotomes

332

(1)

Procedure

332

(6)

Dermatomes

332

(1)

Myotomes

333

(5)

Priority or Pointless?

338

(1)

Case Example

338

(1)

Section 3: Deep Tendon Reflexes

339

(6)

Introduction

339

(1)

Fundamental Concepts

339

(1)

Hypotonic DTRs

339

(1)

Hypertonic DTRs

340

(1)

Procedure

340

(3)

Priority or Pointless?

343

(1)

Case Example

344

(1)

Section 4: Coordination

345

(5)

Introduction

345

(1)

Fundamental Concepts

345

(1)

Procedure

345

(3)

Upper Extremity Tests

346

(1)

Rapid Alternating Movements (RAM)

346

(1)

Finger Opposition

346

(1)

Finger to Nose (or Chin)

346

(1)

Finger to Clinician Finger

346

(1)

Lower Extremity Tests

346

(1)

Heel to Shin

346

(1)

Toe to Clinician Finger

346

(1)

Toe Tapping

346

(1)

Tests of Standing or Walking

347

(1)

Priority or Pointless?

348

(1)

Case Example

349

(1)

Section 5: Balance

350

(9)

Introduction

350

(1)

Fundamental Concepts

350

(2)

Sensory System

350

(1)

Sensorimotor Integration

351

(1)

Motor Output

351

(1)

The Role of Cognition

352

(1)

Procedure

352

(5)

Confidence in Balance

352

(1)

Seated Balance

352

(1)

Static Standing Balance Tests

353

(1)

Romberg Test

353

(1)

Single-Limb Stance Test

353

(1)

Reactive Balance Tests

354

(1)

Nudge/Push Test

354

(1)

Anticipatory Balance Tests

355

(1)

Functional Reach Test

355

(1)

Catching

355

(1)

Dynamic Balance Tests

355

(2)

Priority or Pointless?

357

(1)

Case Example

358

(1)

Section 6: Cranial Nerve Assessment

359

(6)

Introduction

359

(1)

Fundamental Concepts

359

(1)

Procedure

360

(4)

Priority or Pointless?

364

(1)

Case Example

364

(1)

Section 7: Upper Motor Neuron Tests

365

(14)

Introduction

365

(1)

Fundamental Concepts

365

(2)

Muscle Tone

365

(1)

Hypotonia

366

(1)

Hypertonia and Spasticity

366

(1)

Procedure

367

(4)

Testing for Spasticity

367

(1)

Upper Extremity

367

(1)

Lower Extremity

367

(1)

Deep Tendon Reflexes

367

(1)

Deep Tendon Reflex Assessment

368

(1)

Clonus Testing

368

(1)

Pronator Drift

368

(1)

Pathological Superficial Reflexes

369

(2)

Priority or Pointless?

371

(1)

Case Example

371

(1)

Chapter Summary

372

(2)

References

374

(5)

Appendix A

379

(8)

Appendix B

387

(4)

Index

391

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